Penn College Outreach K-12: National Skill Standards Crosswalks

1.0 Introduction to Construction Math Wheels of Learning Module 00102
1.1 Add, subtract, multiply, and divide whole numbers, with and without a calculator.
1.2 Use a standard and metric ruler to measure.
1.3 Add, subtract, multiply, and divide fractions.
1.4 Add, subtract, multiply, and divide decimals, with and without a calculator.
1.5 Convert decimals to percents and percents to decimals.
1.6 Convert fractions to decimals and decimals to fractions.
1.7 Explain what the Metric System is and how it is important in the construction trade.
1.8 Recognize and use metric units of length, weight, volume, and temperature.
1.9 Recognize some of the basic shapes used in the construction industry and apply basic geometry to measure them.

2.0 Wood Building Materials, Fasteners, and Adhesives Carpentry Trainee Task Module 27102
2.1 Explain the terms commonly used in discussing wood and lumber.
2.2 State the uses of various types of hardwoods and softwoods.
2.3 Identify various types of imperfections that are found in lumber.
2.4 Explain how lumber is graded.
2.5 Interpret grade markings on lumber and plywood.
2.6 Explain how plywood is manufactured, graded, and used.
2.7 Identify various types of building boards and identify their uses.
2.8 Identify the uses of and safety precautions associated with pressure-treated lumber.
2.9 Describe the proper method of caring for lumber and wood building materials at the job site.
2.10 State the uses of various types of engineered lumber.
2.11 Calculate the quantities of lumber and wood products using industry-standard methods.
2.12 List the basic nail and staple types and their uses.
2.13 List the basic types of screws and their uses.
*Additional Penn College Required Competencies*
2.14 Identify the different types of anchors and their uses.
2.15 Describe the common types of adhesives used in construction work and explain their uses.


3.0 Floor Systems Wheels of Learning Carpentry Trainee Task Module 27104
3.1 Identify the different types of framing systems.
3.2 Read and understand drawings and specifications to determine floor system requirements.
3.3 Identify floor and sill framing and support members.
3.4 Name the methods used to fasten sills to the foundation.
3.5 Given specific floor load and span data, select the proper girder/beam size from a list of available girders/beams.
3.6 List and recognize different types of floor joists.
3.7 Given specific floor load and span data, select the proper joist size from a list of available joists.
3.8 List and recognize different types of bridging.
3.9 List and recognize different types of flooring materials.
3.10 Explain the purposes of subflooring and underlayment.
3.11 Match selected fasteners used in floor framing to their correct uses.
3.12 Estimate the amount of material needed to frame a floor assembly.
3.13 Demonstrate the ability to: · Lay out and construct a floor assembly · Install bridging · Install joists for a cantilever floor · Install a subfloor using butt-joint plywood/PSB panels · Install a single floor system using tongue-and-groove plywood/OSB panels

4.0 Wall and Ceiling Framing Wheels of Learning Carpentry Trainee Task Module 27105
4.1 Identify the components of a wall and ceiling layout.
4.2 Describe the procedure for laying out a wood frame wall, including plates, corner posts, door and window openings, partition T’s, bracing, and firestops.
4.3 Describe the correct procedure for assembling and erecting an exterior wall.
4.4 Describe the common materials and methods used for installing sheathing on walls.
4.5 Layout, assemble, erect, and brace exterior walls for a frame building.
4.6 Describe wall framing techniques used in masonry construction.
4.7 Explain the use of metal studs in wall framing.
4.8 Describe the correct procedure for laying out a ceiling.
4.9 Cut and install ceiling joists on a wood frame building.
4.10 Estimate the materials required to frame walls and ceiling.

5.0 Stairs Wheels of Learning Carpentry Trainee Task Module 27304
5.1 Identify the various types of stairs.
5.2 Identify the various parts of stairs.
5.3 Identify the materials used in the construction of stairs.
5.4 Interpret construction drawings of stairs.
5.5 Explain the methods of constructing various types of stairs.
5.6 Understand the various terms and definitions relating to stairs.
5.7 Lay out and cut stringers.
5.8 Determine the numbers and sizes of risers and treads required for a stairway.
5.9 Build a small stair unit with a handrail.
5.10 Lay out a skirt board.

6.0 Framing with Metal Studs Wheels of Learning Carpentry Trainee Task Module 27305
6.1 Identify the components of a metal stud system.
6.2 Identify and select the tools and fasteners used in a metal stud system.
6.3 Identify applications for metal stud systems.
6.4 Lay out and install a metal stud wall with openings.
6.5 Lay out and install a metal door frame.
6.6 Lay out and install a metal stud radius wall.

4.0 Wiring: Residential Wheels of Learning Electrical Trainee Task Module 20112
4.1. Describe how to determine electric service requirements for dwellings.
4.2. Explain the grounding requirements of a residential electric service.
4.3. Calculate and select service‑entrance equipment.
4.4. Select the proper wiring methods for various types of residences.
4.4. Explain the role of the NEC in residential wiring.
4.6. Compute branch circuit loads and explain their installation requirement=.
4.7. Explain the types and purposes of equipment grounding conductors.
4.8. Explain the purpose of ground fault circuit interrupters and tell where they must be installed.
4.9. Size outlet boxes and select the proper type for different wiring methods.
4.10. Describe rules for installing electric space heating and HVAC equipment.
4.11 Describe the installation rules for electrical systems around swimming pools, spas, and hot tubs.
4.12 Explain how wiring devices are selected and installed.
4.13 Describe the installation and control of lighting fixtures.

5.0 Grounding Wheels of Learning Electrical Trainee Task Module 20203
5.1 Explain the purpose of grounding and the scope of NEC Article 250.
5.2 Distinguish between a short circuit and a ground fault.
5.3 Define the NEC ground-related terms.
5.4 Distinguish between system grounding and equipment grounding.
5.5 Explain the function of the grounding electrode system and determine which grounding electrodes must be used.
5.6 Explain the NEC requirements for bonding of enclosures and equipment.
5.7 Explain the NEC requirements for grounding of enclosures and equipment.
5.8 Explain the purposes of the grounded conductor (neutral) in the operation of overcurrent devices.
5.9 Explain the NEC requirements for grounding at more than one building.
6.0 Boxes and Fittings Wheels of Learning Electrical Trainee Task Module 20205
6.1 Describe the different types of nonmetallic and metallic boxes.
6.2 Understand the NEC requirements for box fill.
6.3 Calculate the required box size for any number and size of conductors.
6.4 Explain the NEC regulations for volume required per conductor in outlet boxes.
6.5 Properly locate, install, and support boxes of all types.
6.6 Understand the NEC requirements for boxes supporting lighting fixtures.
6.7 Install the different types of fittings used in conjunction with boxes.
6.8 Explain how boxes and fittings are selected and installed.
6.9 Describe the various types of box supports.

7.0 Conductor Terminations and Splices Wheels of Learning Electrical Trainee Task Module 20208
7.1 Describe how to make a good conductor termination.
7.2 Prepare cable ends for terminations and splices.
7.3 Install lugs and connectors onto conductors.
7.4 Train cable at termination points.
7.5 Explain the role of the NEC in making cable terminations and splices.
7.6 Explain why mechanical stress should be avoided at cable termination points.
7.7 Describe the importance of using proper bolt torque when bolting lugs onto busbars.
7.8 Select the proper lug or connector for the job.
7.9 Describe splicing techniques.

8.0 Circuit Breakers and Fuses Wheels of Learning Electrical Trainee Task Module 20210
8.1 Explain the necessity of overcurrent protection devices in electrical circuits.
8.2 Define the terms associated with fuses and circuit breakers.
8.3 Describe the operation of a circuit breaker.
8.4 Select the most suitable overcurrent device for the application.
8.5 Explain the role of the NEC in specifying overcurrent devices.
8.6 Explain how ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs) can save lives.
8.7 Describe troubleshooting and maintenance techniques for overcurrent devices.

9.0 Electric Lighting Wheels of Learning Electrical Trainee Task Module 20212
9.1 Explain how light enables us to see.
9.2 Explain how to design a residential lighting system.
9.3 Describe the various lighting controls and how each type operates.
9.4 Explain how lighting fixtures are installed and connected.

1.0 Basic Safety Wheels of Learning Module 00101
1.1 Identify the responsibilities and personal characteristics of a professional craftsperson.
1.2 Explain the role that safety plays in the construction crafts.
1.3 Describe what job-site safety means.
1.4 Explain the appropriate safety precautions around common job-site hazards.
1.5 Demonstrate the use and care of appropriate personal protective equipment.
1.6 Follow safe procedures for lifting heavy objects.
1.7 Describe safe behavior on and around ladders and scaffolds.
1.8 Explain the importance of the HazCom (Hazard Communication Standard) requirement and MSDSs (Material Safety Data Sheets).
1.9 Describe fire prevention and firefighting techniques.
1.10 Define safe work procedures around electrical hazards.

*Additional Penn College Required Competencies*
1.11 Design and present a safety plan for a company on a specific tool.

2.0 Introduction to Construction Math Wheels of Learning Module 00102
2.1 Add, subtract, multiply, and divide whole numbers, with and without a calculator.
2.2 Use a standard and metric ruler to measure.
2.3 Add, subtract, multiply, and divide fractions.
2.4 Add, subtract, multiply, and divide decimals, with and without a calculator.
2.5 Convert decimals to percents and percents to decimals.
2.6 Convert fractions to decimals and decimals to fractions.
2.7 Explain what the Metric System is and how it is important in the construction trade.
2.8 Recognize and use metric units of length, weight, volume, and temperature.
2.9 Recognize some of the basic shapes used in the construction industry and apply basic geometry to measure them.

3.0 Introduction to Hand Tools Wheels of Learning Module 00103
3.1 Recognize and identify some of the basic hand tools used in the construction trade.
3.2 Use these tools safely.
3.3 Describe the basic procedures for taking care of these tools.

4.0 Introduction to Power Tools Wheels of Learning Module 00104
4.1 Identify commonly used power tools of the construction trade.
4.2 Use power tools safely.
4.3 Explain how to maintain power tools properly.

5.0 Hand and Power Tools Wheels of Learning Carpentry Trainee Task Module 27103
5.1 Identify the hand tools commonly used by carpenters and describe their uses.
5.2 Use hand tools in a safe and appropriate manner.
5.3 State the general safety rules for operating all power tools, regardless of type.
5.4 State the general rules for properly maintaining all power tools, regardless of type.
5.5 Identify the portable power tools commonly used by carpenters and describe their uses.
5.6 Use portable power tools in a safe and appropriate manner.
5.7 Identify the stationary power tools commonly used by carpenters and describe their uses.
5.8 Use stationary power tools in a safe and appropriate manner.

1.0 Electrical Theory I Wheels of Learning Electrical Trainee Task Module 20104
1.1 Recognize what atoms are and how they are constructed.
1.2 Define voltage and identify the ways in which it can be produced.
1.3 Explain the difference between conductors and insulators.
1.4 Define the units of measurement that are used to measure the properties of electricity.
1.5 Explain how voltage, current, and resistance are related to each other.
1.6 Using the formula for Ohm's Law, calculate an unknown value.
1.7 Explain the different types of meters used to measure voltage, current, and resistance.
1.8 Using the power formula, calculate the amount of power used by a circuit.

2.0 Electrical Theory II Wheels of Learning Electrical Trainee Task Module 20105
2.1 Explain the basic characteristics of a series circuit.
2.2 Explain the basic characteristics of a parallel circuit.
2.3 Explain the basic characteristics of a series-parallel circuit.
2.4 Calculate, using Kirchoff’s Voltage Law, the voltage drop in series, parallel, and series-parallel circuits.
2.5 Calculate, using Kirchoff's Current Law, the total current in parallel and series-parallel circuits.
2.6 Find the total amount of resistance in a series circuit.
2.7 Find the total amount of resistance in a parallel circuit.
2.8 Find the total amount of resistance in a series-parallel circuit.

1.0 Basic Safety Wheels of Learning Electrical Trainee Task Module 00101
1.1 Describe how to avoid job-site accidents.
1.2 Explain the relationship between housekeeping and safety.
1.3 Appreciate the importance of following all safety rules and company safety policies.
1.4 Explain the importance of reporting all on-the-job injuries, accidents, and near misses.
1.5 Explain the need for evacuation procedures and the importance of following them.
1.6 Explain their employer’s substance abuse policy and how it relates to their safety.
1.7 Use proper safety practices when welding or working around welding operations.
1.8 Use proper safety practices when working in or near trenches and excavations.
1.9 Explain the term Proximity Work.
1.10 Follow safe practices when working in or near pressurized or high-temperature systems.
1.11 Know and follow the safety requirements for working in confined spaces.
1.12 Explain and practice safe lockout/tagout procedures.
1.13 Know the different types of barriers and barricades, and where they should be used.
1.14 Recognize and explain personal protective equipment uses.
1.15 Inspect and care for various types of personal protective equipment.
1.16 Follow safe procedures for lifting heavy objects.
1.17 Inspect and safely work with various types of ladders and scaffolds.
1.18 Demonstrate an understanding of the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard.
1.19 Explain the function of Material Safety Data Sheets.
1.20 Explain the process by which fires start.
1.21 Practice fire prevention in dealing with various flammable materials.
1.22 Explain the classes of fires, and the type(s) of extinguishers to use for each.
1.23 Explain why injuries result when electrical contact occurs.
1.24 Practice safe work procedures around electrical hazards.
1.25 Take action if present when an electrical shock occurs.

2.0 Basic Math Wheels of Learning Electrical Trainee Task Module 00102
2.1 Add, subtract, multiply, and divide whole numbers, with and without a calculator.
2.2 Use a standard and metric ruler to measure.
2.3 Add, subtract, multiply and divide fractions.
2.4 Add, subtract, multiply and divide decimals, with and without a calculator.
2.5 Convert decimals to percents and percents to decimals.
2.6 Convert fractions to decimals and decimals to fractions.
2.7 Explain what the Metric System is and its importance in the construction trade.
2.8 Recognize and use metric units of length, weight, volume, and temperature.

3.0 Introduction to Hand Tools Wheels of Learning Electrical Trainee Task Module 00103
3.1 Recognize basic hand tools used in the construction trade.
3.2 Safely use these basic hand tools.
3.3 Have an awareness of basic maintenance procedures on these hand tools.

4.0 Introduction to Power Tools Wheels of Learning Electrical Trainee Task Module 00104
4.1 Identify commonly used power tools of the construction trade excluding: jackhammer angle grinder end grinder mag drill presses
4.2 Recognize safe use of power tools.
4.3 Explain the procedures to properly maintain these power tools.

5.0 Electrical Safety Wheels of Learning Electrical Trainee Task Module 20101
5.1 Demonstrate safe working procedures in a construction environment.
5.2 Explain the purpose of OSHA and how it promotes safety on the job.
5.3 Identify electrical hazards and how to avoid or minimize them in the workplace.
5.4 Explain safety issues concerning lockout/tagout procedures, personal protection using assured grounding and isolation programs, confined space entry, respiratory protection, and fall protection systems.

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1.0 Introduction to the National Electrical Code Wheels of Learning Electrical Trainee Task Module 20107
1.1 Explain the purpose and history of the National Electrical Code (NEC).
1.2 Describe the layout of the NEC.
1.3 Explain how to navigate the NEC.
1.4 Describe the purpose of the National Electrical Manufacturers' Association (NEMA) and the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA).
1.5 Explain the role of testing laboratories.

2.0 Conductors Wheels of Learning Electrical Trainee Task Module 20109
2.1 Explain the various sizes and gauges of wire in accordance with American Wire Gauge standards.
2.2 Identify insulation and jacket types according to conditions and applications.
2.3 Describe voltage ratings of conductors and cables.
2.4 Read and identify markings on conductors and cables.
2.5 Use the tables in the NEC to determine the ampacity of a conductor.
2.6 State the purpose of stranded wire.
2.7 State the purpose of compressed conductors.
2.8 Describe the different materials from which conductors are made.
2.9 Describe the different types of conductor insulation.
2.10 Describe the color coding of insulation.

3.0 Wiring: Commercial & Industrial Wheels of Learning Electrical Trainee Task Module 00111
3.1 Identify and state the functions and ratings of single‑pole, double‑pole, three‑way, four‑way, dimmer, special, and safety switches.
3.2 Explain NEMA classifications as they relate to switches and enclosures.
3.3 Explain the NEC requirements concerning wiring devices.
3.4 Identify and state the functions and ratings of straight blade, twist lock, and pin and sleeve receptacles.
3.5 Identify and define receptacle terminals and disconnects.
3.6 Identify and define ground fault circuit interrupters.
3.7 Explain the box mounting requirements in the NEC.
3.8 Use a wire stripper to strip insulation from a wire.
3.9 Use a solderless connector to splice wires together.

1.0 Hand Bending Wheels of Learning Electrical Trainee Task Module 20102
1.1 Identify the methods of hand bending conduit.
1.2 Identify the various methods used to install conduit.
1.3 Use math formulas to determine conduit bends.
1.4 Make 90° bends, back‑to‑back bends, offsets, kicks, and saddle bends using a hand

2.0 Introduction to Electrical Blueprints Wheels of Learning Electrical Trainee Task Module 20110
2.1 Explain the basic layout of a blueprint.
2.2 Describe the information included in the title block of a blueprint.
2.3 Identify the types of lines used on blueprints.
2.4 Identify common symbols used on blueprints.
2.5 Understand the use of architect's and engineer's scales.
2.6 Interpret electrical drawings, including site plans, floor plans, and detail drawings.
2.7 Read equipment schedules found on electrical blueprints.
2.8 Describe the type of information included in electrical specifications.

3.0 Grounding Wheels of Learning Electrical Trainee Task Module 20203
3.1 Distinguish between system grounding and equipment grounding.
3.2 Use NEC Table 250-66 size the grounding electrode conductor for various AC systems.
3.3 Explain the NEC requirements for the installation and physical protection of grounding electrode conductors.
3.4 Explain the function of the grounding electrode system and determine which grounding electrodes must be used.
3.5 Define made electrodes and explain the resistance requirements for made electrodes using NEC Section 250-52.
3.6 Use NEC Table 250-122 to size the equipment grounding conductor for raceways and equipment.
3.7 Explain the function of the main bonding jumper in the grounding system and size the main bonding jumper for various applications.
3.8 Size the main bonding jumper for a service utilizing multiple service disconnecting means.
3.9 Explain effectively grounded and its importance in clearing ground faults and short circuits.
3.10 Explain the NEC requirements for grounding separately‑derived systems, including transformers and generators.
3.11 Explain the NEC grounding requirements for systems over 600 volts.

1.0 Alternating Current Wheels of Learning Electrical Trainee Task Module 20201
1.1 Calculate the peak and effective voltage or current values for an AC waveform.
1.2 Calculate the phase relationship between two AC waveforms.
1.3 Describe the voltage and current phase relationship in a resistive AC circuit.
1.4 Describe the voltage and current transients that occur in an inductive circuit.
1.5 Define inductive reactance and state how it is affected by frequency.
1.6 Describe the voltage and current transients that occur in a capacitive circuit.
1.7 Define capacitive reactance and state how it is affected by frequency.
1.8 Explain the relationship between voltage and current in the following types of AC circuits: RL circuit, RC circuit, LC circuit, RLC circuit.
1.9 Explain the following terms as they relate to AC circuits: True power, Apparent power, Reactive power, Power factor.
1.10 Explain basic transformer action.

1.0 Motor Maintenance Wheels of Learning Electrical Trainee Task Module 20310
1.1 Properly store motors and generators.
1.2 Test motors and generators.
1.3 Make connections for specific types of motors and generators.
1.4 Clean and dry open frame motors.
1.5 Lubricate motors that require this type of maintenance.
1.6 Collect and record motor data.
1.7 Select tools for motor maintenance.
1.8 Select instruments for motor testing.
1.9 Make conductor terminations and splices.

2.0 Motor Maintenance II Wheels of Learning Electrical Trainee Task Module 20412
2.1 Test motor winding resistance upon receiving and after setting motor in place.
2.2 Use manufactured motor termination kits.
2.3 Select and use motor-testing equipment.
2.4 Change rotation of single- and three-phase motors; also DC motors.
2.5 Clean and test open-frame motors.
2.6 Clean, dry, and test motors that have been subject to water damage.
2.7 Properly ground flexible wiring systems and motor frames.

1.0 Basic Safety Wheels of Learning Core Curricula Trainee Task Module 00101
1.1 Discuss safety as it applies to plumbing tools.
1.2 Explain the relationship between housekeeping and safety.
1.3 Appreciate the importance of following all safety rules and company safety policies.
1.4 Explain the importance of reporting all on-the-job injuries, accidents, and near misses.
1.5 Explain the need for evacuation procedures and the importance of following them.
1.6 Explain their employer's substance abuse policy and how it relates to their safety.
1.7 Use proper safety practices when welding or working around welding operations.
1.8 Use proper safety practices when working in or near trenches and excavations.
1.9 Explain the term Proximity Work.
1.10 Follow safe practices when working near pressurized or high-temperature systems.
1.11 Know and follow the safety requirements for working in confined spaces.
1.12 Explain and practice safe lockout/tagout procedures.
1.13 Know the different types of barriers and barricades, and where they should be used.
1.14 Recognize and explain personal protective equipment uses.
1.15 Inspect and care for various types of personal protective equipment.
1.16 Follow safe procedures for lifting heavy objects.
1.17 Inspect and safely work with various types of ladders and scaffolds.
1.18 Demonstrate an understanding of the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard.
1.19 Explain the function of Material Safety Data Sheets.
1.20 Explain the process by which fires start.
1.21 Practice fire prevention in dealing with various flammable materials.
1.22 Explain the classes of fires, and the type(s) of extinguishers to use for each.
1.23 Explain why injuries result when electrical contact occurs.
1.24 Practice safe work procedures around electrical hazards.
1.25 Take action if present when an electrical shock occurs.

2.0 Basic Math Wheels of Learning Core Curricula Trainee Task Module 00102
2.1 Add, subtract, multiply, and divide whole numbers, with and without a calculator.
2.2 Use a standard and metric ruler to measure.
2.3 Add, subtract, multiply, and divide fractions.
2.4 Add, subtract, multiply, and divide decimals, with and without a calculator.
2.5 Convert decimals to percents and percents to decimals.
2.6 Convert fractions to decimals and decimals to fractions.
2.7 Explain what the Metric System is and its importance in the construction trade.
2.8 Recognize and use metric units of length, weight, volume, and temperature.

3.0 Introduction to Hand Tools Wheels of Learning Core Curricula Trainee Task Module 00103
3.1 Recognize basic hand tools used in the construction trade.
3.2 Safely use these basic hand tools.
3.4 Have an awareness of basic maintenance procedures on these hand tools.